青年说 || 张友谊：星河滚烫，你我便是光发表时间：2020-05-23 09:54  嘉宾简介 Guest Profile 张友谊，男，中国人民大学资源与环境经济学大四学生，即将就读于伦敦政治经济学院。口号是：星河滚烫，你我便是光 Zhang Youyi，male, a senior student from Renmin University of China, majoring in Resources & Environmental Economics. He will continue his study in London School of Economics and Political Science. 兴趣起源 The Origin of Interest 张友谊：从没想过，中学时代的一场以“人与自然”为主题的绘画比赛会让我在冥冥之中与环境保护结下不解之缘。而高中阶段频繁发生的雾霾锁城局面也让我切身感受到环境污染给人类生活带来的不便和对身心健康造成的危害，我不禁开始思考：自己到底能够为保护环境做些什么？大学之后，在很多专业课和相关讲座上，我耳濡目染地了解到一些全球性的公害事件：如日本的水俣病事件、伦敦烟雾事件、日本富山骨痛病事件……这些公害事件对于整个人类社会造成的巨大伤害是令人痛心疾首和没齿难忘的，这唤起了我心中的怜悯，更让我产生了一种想要阻止这类事件再次发生的责任感。 Zhang Youyi:I never thought that a painting competition with the theme of “Man and Nature” in middle high school would make me have an affinity with environmental protection in the unseen world. The frequent occurrence that the city was closed because of smog in high school also made me personally feel the inconvenience brought by environmental pollution to human life and the harm caused to physical and mental health. I could not help thinking: what can I do to protect the environment? After going to college, in many professional courses and related lectures, I learned about some global pandemics, such as the Minamata Disease in Japan, the London Smog Incident, the Toyama’s bone pain in Japan... The immense harm that these public disasters have caused to the entire human community is heartbreaking and unforgettable, and it evokes in me a sense of compassion and responsibility to prevent such events from happening again. 张友谊：人类与自然本为一体，我们由自然孕育而生，应当心怀感激，而不是一味索取。保护环境，势在必行、刻不容缓。因此我在大学填报志愿的时候义无反顾地选择了环境学院资源与环境经济学，并决定继续攻读这个方向的研究生，希望能够通过学习相关的知识，将来切实地为环保事业做出自己的一份贡献。 Zhang Youyi: Human beings are one with nature because we are born from nature. We should be grateful, rather than blindly take for what we want. Protecting the environment is imperative and no time to delay.Therefore, when I filled in the application form for university, I chose Resources & Environmental Economics in the faculty of Environment and Nature Resources without hesitation, and decided to pursue graduate studies in this field, hoping to make a real contribution to environmental protection in the future.   环境经济学 Environmental Economics 张友谊：环境学与经济学在别人看起来似乎是相互矛盾的两个学科，但我觉得，这两门学科看似背道而驰，实则相辅相成。而环境经济学，就是集两门学科的特点于一身，以经济学的手段来解决环境问题，在追求经济利益最大化的同时，考虑到可能对环境造成的不利影响并采取相应的策略；而在保护环境时又要追求经济利益的最大化，确定最适的开采规模……通过对个体微观心理透析和社会宏观政策调控相结合，利用与人们日常生活息息相关的改变来对人们的社会行为产生影响，进而达到保护环境的目的。这些改变是人们主观上采取的行动，是釜底抽薪而不是扬汤止沸，真正从本质上解决了环境问题。 Zhang Youyi: Environmental studies and economics seem to be two contradictory subjects to others. To me, these two disciplines seem to go against each other, but in fact they complement each other. Environmental economics is a combination of the characteristics of two disciplines, solving environmental problems by means of economics. While pursuing the maximization of economic interests, we should take possible adverse effects on the environment into account and adopt corresponding strategies; while protecting the environment, we also pursue the maximization of economic benefits and determine the most appropriate scale of exploitation… Through the combination of individual micro-psychological analysis and social macro-policy regulation, making use of the changes that are closely related to daily life to influence people's social behaviors, and thus achieving the goal of environmental protection. These changes are subjective actions taken by people. It is a drastic measure instead of an ineffectual remedy, in other words, we could solve the environmental problems in essence by actions. 科研经历 Research Experience  张友谊：为了更好地掌握我所学的理论知识，我在大学期间不断地丰富自己的学术经历。为了解决快递盒的过度使用和低效回收问题，我的小创团队调查分析了我校几种快递盒回收方案的对比评价及优化选择，试图为我国的资源和环境问题做出贡献。此外，为了探究我国2018年1月1日出台的环境税相较于之前的排污收费制度的优势所在，我们基于面板数据与企业实例比较了排污费和环境税理论征收额与实际征收额的差距，对比发现费改税有利于激励企业的减排行为、间接推动环保行业的发展。 Zhang Youyi：In order to better obtain the theoretical knowledge, I have continuously enriched my academic experience during college years. To deal with overuse and inefficient recycling of courier boxes, my small-cost entrepreneurship team investigated and analyzed the comparative evaluation and optimization options of several courier box recycling solutions in my university in an attempt to contribute to settle resource and environmental problems in our country. In addition, in order to figure out the advantages of China’s environmental taxes introduced on January 1, 2018 compared to the previous sewage charge system, we compared the gap between the theoretical and actual collection of sewage charge and environmental taxes based on panel data and enterprise examples, finding that the fees-into-taxes is conducive to stimulating enterprises to adopt emission reduction behavior, indirectly promoting the development of environmental protection.  环保实践 Environmental Protection Practices 张友谊：纸上得来终觉浅，绝知此事要躬行。为了让自己的环保理论更好地发挥到实践中去，我参加了一系列的社会调研和实习，并且参与组织了一些环保相关的国际会议。 Zhang Youyi: As an old saying goes, “no practice, no gain in one’s wit”. Therefore, I have taken part in a series of social researches and fieldwork to better apply the environmental theory into practices. Besides, I have also played a role in organizing some international conferences on environmental protection.  天津市武清区进行实地调研 我的大创团队于2018-2019年前往天津市武清区进行实地调研，探究当地村民对农村生活污水处理的支付意愿及其影响因素，为当地生活污水处理工程建设和生活污水处理的融投资机制的多元化进程提供研究参考，为我国的农村振兴发展助力。在这个过程中，我切身感受到中国部分农村地区环境污染的严重以及农村生活污水对当地居民带来的困扰，也深深看到了他们对于政府开展污水处理项目的肯定和感激。从相对富裕的乡镇到较为贫困的农村，我们体会到的不仅仅是当地生活条件和环境状况的截然不同，更是人们思想观念的天壤之别，因此，我国的农村生活污水治理，任重而道远。  与当地居民进行探讨 In 2018-2019, my entrepreneurship competition team inquired local villagers’ perceptions on paying for dealing with rural life sewage and its influencing factors in Wu Qing district of Tianjin, aiming to propose suggestions for treatment of life sewage and diversification of financing mechanism for dealing with it, which would be a part of the rural vitalization in China. In this process, I have seen not only the severe pollution in some rural areas and disturbance caused by rural domestic sewage to local residents, but also people’s consent and gratitude to government’s treatment of sewage. From the developed towns to under-developed countryside, we have clearly seen huge difference in living and environmental conditions among regions, and what’s more, people’s completely different views on environmental protection. Because of that, it is a long way to go before we manage to deal with rural life sewage. 世界资源研究所（WRI）的实习 在世界资源研究所（WRI）的实习更是让我看到了一群为环保这一共同目标不断奋斗的人，能够加入这场为了情怀的战役，我感到无比自豪。虽然WRI所做的项目都具有一定的挑战性，但也正因如此，我们的付出才从真正意义上弥补了现有研究的空白领域，这或许也正是NGO存在的意义所在吧。在这期间，我也参与组织了“环境与自然资源经济评价研讨会”高端学术研讨会、中美能源与气候变化高端智库研讨会等国际环保会议，从国际视角来重新审视我所熟知的环境问题，让我比从前更加客观从容。 I have met a group of friends who are fighting for environmental protection during my internship at World Resources Institution (WRI). I feel a surge of pride to be a part of the battle whose ultimate goal is to save the earth. In WRI, we have done challenging projects which have made up for gaps in environmental protection, which I suppose is why WRI exists. During that time, I have also participated in organizing some international conferences on environmental protection such as Seminar on Economic Assessment of Environment and Natural Resources and China-US High-level Think Tank Seminar on Energy and Climate Change. These experiences provide me an international view when I look into familiar environmental problems，thanks to which I am able to do my work in a more objective and unhurried way.  世界资源研究所的实习 结语 Epilogue 张友谊: 虽然我还只是一个本科生，但我对于环保却有一颗赤子之心。未来需要我做的还有很多，但看着环保这条漫漫长路上一路同行的你我，便也拥有了无限的暖意和希望。 Zhang Youyi: I am a fervent environmentalist despite just being an undergraduate. I know it is going to be a tough task, but I feel warm and see bright future by working together with my fellows.  |
