人物篇 ‖ 访江苏省如皋市绿色科普协会会长 张兴建

01

环保缘起

Environmental stories

主持人：欢迎张老师来参加我们《当红生态人物》，首先恭喜您荣获2020年中国最美生态环保志愿者荣誉，您能跟我们分享下开展环保志愿工作的初衷吗？

Host: Welcome Mr. Zhang to join us in Popular Eco-People. First of all, congratulations on being awarded most beautiful eco-volunteer in China, 2020. Can you share with us the original intention of conducting the environmental volunteer work?

张兴建：我在工作过程中经常听闻一些因污染造成生态环境破坏，影响身心健康的案例。这里我要讲一个故事：2014年前，有一家生产太阳热水器真空管企业，生产过程中所产生废水，未经处理，直接排放于我家屋后的河中，导致河中的鱼虾死亡，清水河变成污水河道。在以经济发展为中心的背景下，污染事故的发生，均以经济作为损失补偿，而对企业的违法行为、生态损害均未有任何措施。此事触动我的灵魂深处，如何能提高全民素质，落实企业环保责任，我们自己能做些什么，针对这些问题，我开始思索。

Zhang Xingjian: In the course of my work, I often hear about cases of ecological damage caused by pollution, which affecting both physical and mental health. Here I would like to tell a story: Before 2014, there was an enterprise producing vacuum tubes for solar water heaters. The waste water generated during the production process was directly discharged into the river behind my house without treatment, causing the death of fish and shrimp in the river, and the clean river then became a sewage channel. In the context of economic development, the pollution accidents take economy growth as the compensation for the loss, but there are no measures for enterprises’ illegal behaviors and ecological damage. It touched my soul. How can we improve the environment quality and enhance the corporate environmental responsibility,? What can we do on our own? I began to think about these issues.

主持人：环保从来都不是某个人的事情，您从自己做起，于2014年6月创办绿色科普协会，并逐渐将该协会发展壮大，想必这一路一走来，肯定经过了不少困难。请问您是如何动员广大群众参与环保工作的？和我们分享一下，好吗？

Host: Environmental protection has never been business for a certain individual. You started the Green Science Association in June 2014, and gradually expanded the scale over time. It must have been many difficulties along the way. How do you mobilize the general public to participate in environmental protection work? Could you please share it with us?

张兴建：我个人于2013年申请加入了江苏省的科普志愿者，但当时我们如皋市缺少一个真正致力于环保志愿服务的民间组织。我寻求到了两位志同道合的机关退休人员杨光、奚惠明同志的支持，共同筹划组建绿色科普流动宣传站，依托如皋市科协、市老科协组织平台，开展“绿色发展行动 建设美丽如皋”科普宣传志愿服务活动，被大家俗称为“绿色科普三人行”。通过进社区、进学校、进企业、进工地、进广场等“五进”行动，2年举办环境科普宣传讲座112场次，受到了社会的一致好评。环境科普宣传的队伍从当初的三人行，发展56人宣传团队，工作得到政府领导肯定和表扬，如皋市科学技术协会于2016年1月，批准成立了如皋市绿色科普志愿服务协会，同年3月，经如皋市民政局注册登记，取得社会团体法人登记证书。

Zhang Xingjian: I personally applied to be a volunteer in Jiangsu Province in 2013, but at that time, the Rugao city   lacked a non-governmental organization that was truly committed to environmental protection volunteer services. I have enlisted the support of two like-minded retired officials, Mr. Yang Guang and Mr, Xi Huiming. Relying on the platform of the Rugao Science Association and the Municipal Science for the Elderly Science and Technology Association, we jointly plan the establishment of a green science popularization mobile propaganda station, and carry out "green development action to build beautiful Rugao" science popularization activities. We were commonly known as the "Green Science Thrio". Within 2 years, we have held 112 environmental science publicity lectures in communities, schools, enterprises, construction sites, squares and other places. We have been unanimously praised by the public. From the trio team to the 56-member publicity group, the association was recognized and praised by the government. The Rugao Science and Technology Association approved the establishment of the Rugao Green Science Popularization Voluntary Service Association in January 2016. In March of the same year, the association obtained the registration certificate of social group by the Rugao Civil Affairs Bureau.

02

日常工作

Daily Work

主持人：绿色科普协会是江苏省环保联合会会员单位、“爱心如皋公益联盟”成员单位，您作为会长，身体力行，带领志愿者们开展各类环保公益活动，得到社会的认可，先后获得中华环保联合会的荣誉证书、江苏省居民环境与健康素养监测优秀组织单位等国家级、省市级各类奖项十余个。协会已然成为群众碧水蓝天的守护者，您能向大家介绍下协会的日常工作吗？

Host: The Green Science Popularization Association is the member of both Environment Protection Federation in Jiangsu and the Charity League in Rugao. As president of the association, you have put efforts into practice by leading volunteers to carry out various environmental protection public welfare activities, which have been recognized by the society. Besides, your association has won more than 10 national, provincial and municipal awards, including the certificate of All-China Environment Federation, the outstanding organization of environmental and health literacy monitoring in Jiangsu Province. The association can be seen as the protector of beautiful environment. Can you introduce the daily work of the association to us?

张兴建：我们的日常工作分为三个部分，一是走出去学习交流，提高能力建设。2016年至2019年底，参加全国各类生态环境类知识培训，法律能力培训、组织培训38场次，增长知识，拓宽视野。二是加强内部管理，对长期开展的环境科普宣传，设立科普宣传处，做到活动常态化。开拓公众参与服务事项，搭建基层社区、学校服务阵地。先后与15个社区、8个学校建立长期合作关系。三是成立一支以河道为切入点的河流守护，环境监督的专业队伍，以一颗“关爱大自然，造福下一代”奉献精神，常年奋战在环保志愿服务的工作中。此外，加强与政府、部门沟通，及时宣传报道是我们日常工作中不可缺少工作内容，我们现已基本做到活动与宣传同步，发挥社会影响力，引导更多人参与环保队伍中来。

Zhang Xingjian: Our routine can be divided into three parts. Firstly, we learn and exchange experience from others externally, so as to improve our ability. From 2016 to the end of 2019, we had taken part in all kinds of training about ecological environment, legal affairs and organizational skills for 38 times, thereby increasing knowledge and broadening our horizon. The second is to enhance the internal management, such as establishing a publicity department to normalize our activities. We are also responsible for setting up services that the public can take part in, constructing grassroots communities and school service centers. We have built long-term cooperative relationship with15 communities and 8 schools. Thirdly, we have set up a professional team of river conservation and environmental supervision, with the spirit of   “care for nature, benefit the next generation”. Besides, it is an indispensable to enhance the communication with the government. We have now largely synchronized our activities and campaigns. With our social influence, there will be more and more people participating in the environmental protection team.

主持人：协会以“服务基层、惠及百姓”作为绿色科普宣传的主要宗旨，将各类环保行动实践到群众的生活中。而垃圾分类跟我们的生活息息相关，现已经成为城市治理的重点之一。我们知道您很早就参与了城市小区的垃圾分类，您可以跟我们详细分享下您是如何开展这项工作的吗？

Host: The association regards “serving the grassroots and benefiting the public” as the aim of green popular science propaganda, and puts various environmental actions into daily practice. As one of the key point of urban governance, garbage classification is closely related to our life. We know that you have been involved in garbage classification work for a long time, would you please share with us how you carry out this work in detail?

张兴建：我们涉及垃圾分类工作已经有4年。自2016年，作为环保社会组织的负责人，第一次向全国人民发出“垃圾分类 人人都是行动者”的倡议书后，每年的科普周、世界环境日、节能周均会举办“垃圾分类”广场咨询服务活动。同时邀请专家走进社区、学校开展“垃圾减量”的技术培训，让全民支持和参与这项工作中来。我们今后的工作重点一是组织社会公众参观垃圾处理设施（焚烧），直观了解垃圾所产生危害，以及造成的社会问题。二是在“垃圾减量”上下功夫，做到源头减量、存量利用、无害化处置等环节。

Zhang Xingjian: We have been involved in garbage classification for four years. Since presented my first initiative of "Everyone plays a role in garbage sorting" to the public in 2016, I have unremittingly provided plaza consulting services about "garbage classification" in regular activities of Annual Science Week, World Environment Day and Energy Saving Week. In the meantime, we invited specialists to give technical training about waste reduction across communities and schools. One of our future priorities is to organize public visits to waste treatment facilities (incineration) in order to gain a visual understanding of the hazards caused by waste. The second is to make efforts on "waste reduction", so as to reduce the amount of waste at source, utilize the stock and dispose of it harmlessly.

03

经验分享

Sharing Experience

主持人：除了城市垃圾问题，您也关注乡村的环境治理，请问在乡村开展环境保护工作有什么侧重或困难吗？

Host: In addition to the problem of urban waste, you also pay attention to environmental governance in countryside areas. Are there any priorities or difficulties in carrying out environmental protection work in rural area?

张兴建：生活污水处理是农村环境治理过程存在的一块短板。对比于城市较为完善的基础设施（污水管网、污水处理能力），农村因面广，量大，加上财政资金等多种原因，农村的生活污水得不到处理，直接引管排河是常用手段，致使河水污染，环境变差，居住环境质量下降。

Zhang Xingjian: Domestic sewage treatment is a short board in the process of environmental management in rural areas. Compared to the perfect infrastructure facilities (sewage pipe network, sewage treatment capacity) in urban areas, there is a lack of treatment of domestic sewage in rural areas for a variety of reasons, such as the extent and volume of sewage and financial resources. People often pour the waste into rivers directly, which has caused river pollution, environmental damage and worsened living conditions.

主持人：除此之外，您还是江苏省“环境守护者”,每天都会进行污染源巡查，但这并不是件容易的事情，需要及时的发现力，专业的判断力，以及强硬的制止力。您能跟我们分享下您是如何开展污染源巡查工作的吗？

Host: In addition, you are also the “Environmental Guardian” of Jiangsu Province, carrying out inspections of pollution source every day. But it is not an easy task which requires timely discovery, professional judgment and strong deterrent power. Can you share with us your experiences in inspections of pollution source?

张兴建：我们现场巡查有“四法”，一看、二听、三闻、四走访。

一看是指现场是否异常（如河水的颜色、烟筒冒烟的颜色、周边土壤的变化）等。二听是指现场的声音判别有无污染疑点（如水声）。三闻是指有刺鼻味道（气味）。四走访是指现场周边的居民入户了解。通过“四法”，进行数据累积，分类，掌握基本规律后，查找到真正的污染源头。

Zhang Xingjian: Usually, there are four steps for on-site inspection: observing, hearing, smelling, and visiting. For observation, we need to look for signs of abnormality (such as the color of river, the color of smoke, and changes of the surrounding soil) and so on. Second, hearing refers to the sounds of the scene to identify whether there is any pollution suspects(such as the sound of water). For the third step smelling, we sense any pungent smells. The fourth step, visiting the community, involves close interaction with residents nearby. With these four approaches, we can accumulate and categorize data, grasp   basic patterns, and eventually pinpoint the source of pollution.

主持人：您还有其他故事或者经验跟我们分享吗？

Host: Do you have any other stories or experience to share with us?

张兴建：因为我们巡查有“四法”，坚持常态化，对全市的大小河流，及污染易发点有一个基础数据。遇到突发污染事件，会第一时间启动污染源巡查机制，利用基础数据，在最短的时间内查找到污染源头，及治理提供宝贵时间。我想就此分享下之前的一个故事。

2019年4月1日，如皋经济技术开发区境内红旗河发生大量死鱼事件，鱼死原因不明，自媒体进行报道。河道周边群众情绪激动，怨气较深。我第一时间带着张海峰、许进两位志愿者，赶到现场，对现场群众进行了解，取得发现时间，污染程度、鱼死损失等第一手资料。根据河道水流，我们从下游的通扬运河起，依次向上游红旗河的入河排口进行排查，对有疑似污染来源的工业企业、养殖场、生活小区，结合平时巡查所掌握的数据，进行重点排查。共发现排口有污水经排口流入河道数15处。通过比对、分析，判别相关污染源不是此次污染死鱼事件的真正原因。

Zhang Xingjian: Because of the “four-step” on patrol and regular implementation, We have a database of all the rivers in this city and pollution points. In the event of a sudden pollution incident, the pollution source inspection mechanism will be activated at once, using data to find the source of pollution timly, and provide valuable time for treatment. I would like to share a story here .

On the April 1st, 2019, the report came into Hongqi River that a large number of dead fish occurred in Rugao Economic and Technological Development Zone. The cause of fish death was unknown. The residents around the river were emotional and resentful. Immediately I led two volunteers Zhang Haifeng and Xu Jin to interview the residents on the scene to obtain the first-hand evidence including the discovery time, pollution level, losses and other primary source. Following the river, we examined the downside of Tongyang River and proceeded to the outlet of Hongqi River to carry out the investigation. Combining data from regular inspections, we focused on areas with suspected sources of pollution, including industrial enterprises, farms, and living communities. A total of 15 outlets were found to have sewage flowing into the river through the outlets. Through comparison and analysis, it was concluded that the relevant pollution source was not the real cause of the fish pollution.

第二天，我们扩大排查范围，对红旗河有相联、贯通的分支河流进行延伸排查，找出真正的污染真源。上游二公里，发现与之相通的东风河，处于河道整治过程，案发前夜，发生过开坝放水过程。污染源是否来自于东风河呢？带着这样假设，开始对东风河的污染证据收集。功夫不负有心人，通过坚持，在东风河上段1.50公里处，发现有一排口，尚有少量的工业污水留存在排口管网中，颜色白色、水体混沌，气味难闻，周边是工业园区，有各类工业企业。

The next day, we expanded the scope of investigation to the branches connected with the Hongqi River, to find the true source of the pollution. Two kilometers upstream, it was found that the Dongfeng River, which is connected to it, had been dammed and released the night before the incident. Was the pollution originated from the Dongfeng River? With such assumption in mind, we started to collect evidence about Dongfeng River pollution. The effort paid off eventually. At 1.50 km of the upper section of the Dongfeng River, there was an outfall with a small amount of industrial sewage remaining in the outlet pipe network. The water was white, turbid and smelly. And the surrounding area was an industrial park with various industrial enterprises.

我们初步判断因东风河分段整治，部分河段筑坝施工，使坝内水位升高，沿河排口淹入水中，有部分企业借机进行偷排，让工业废水融入坝内水中。施工单位在筑坝放水过程中，没有对筑坝放水可能对下游河道产生环境污染，造成生态破坏的可行性评估和预方案，在夜深人静时，直接筑坝放水，大量的污水流入红旗河，进入通扬运河，红旗河中的鱼因污染水吸入出现大量死亡。

Our preliminary judgment was that as a result of the Dongfeng River segmentation, some part of the dam construction raised the water level in the dam and flooded in the river. Some enterprises took the opportunity to secretly discharge industrial wastewater into the dam. During the process of dam building and water releasing, the construction unit did not take environmental pollution and ecological damage into account, lacking the feasibility of evaluation and preliminary scheme. As a result, dam building and water releasing in the midnight caused a large amount of sewage to flow into the Hongqi River, and then into the Tong Yang River. A great many fishes in the Hongqi River died because of the inhalation of polluted water.

我们根据两天的排查情况，形成书面材料向政府相关部门进行反映，并提出建议。相关部门基本上采纳了我们的意见和建议。后来还得到了如皋市人民政府何益军市长对该材料的批示与表扬。其实这样环境污染突发事件不在少数，自 2019年我们已经协助政府、部门处置案件达到12起。  

Based on the two-day investigation, we formed a written report along with suggestions to government departments. The relevant departments have basically adopted our opinions and suggestions. It was later even approved and praised by Mr. He Yijun, mayor of Rugao city. In fact, such environmental pollution emergencies are not rare. Since 2019, we have assisted the government with 12 cases.

04

今后计划

Future Plans

主持人：您对之后的环保工作有什么计划吗？

Host: Do you have any plans for the environmental protection in the future?

张兴建：我们今后的环保工作始终坚持 “五个角色”：示范员，带头践行绿色生活方式，用实际行动为周边群众做好样子；观察员，定期观察和记录当地的环境现状和变化情况，为改善环境质量、加强环境监管建言献策；监督员，监督大气、水、土壤污染防治以及“污染防治攻坚”专项行动实施、企业（园区）环境守法等情况，提供问题线索，向环保部门提出意见建议；宣传员，积极组织和参与环保宣传教育以及公益活动，带动影响身边的人感知环保、践行环保；调解员，积极参与环保圆桌对话等活动，协助政府部门有效化解环境矛盾和纠纷。创新工作手法，服务于更多人群。

Zhang Xingjian: Our environmental protection work in the future will always adhere to the "five roles" . First, the demonstrator, takes the lead in practicing green lifestyle, and sets a good example for the people around with practical actions. Second, the observer, periodically observes and records the local environmental situation and changes, as well as offers suggestions for improving environmental quality and strengthening environmental regulation. Third, the supervisor, supervises the situation of pollution prevention of atmosphere, water and soil, as well as the implementation of the specific project ‘tackling key problems of pollution prevention and control’, also the environmental compliances and other situations of enterprises (parks), to provide clues to the problems, and make suggestions for environmental protection department. Forth, the propagator, actively organizes and participates in the environmental publicity, education and public welfare activities, so as to influence people around them to perceive and practice environmental protection. Fifth, the mediator, energetically participates in environmental protection round-table dialogue and other activities, and assists the government departments in effectively resolving the environmental conflicts and disputes. Innovate our working methods to serve more people.

主持人：《当红生态》一直以来的梦想，是将世界各地环保人士的故事或者经验分享给更多的人，以促使形成更好的生态文明。您对《当红生态》有什么寄语吗？

Host: The dream of Popular Ecology has always been to share the stories or experience of the worldwide environmentalists with more people, so as to promote the formation of a better ecological civilization. Do you have any wishes for Popular Ecology?

张兴建：传播社会正能量，愿《当红生态》成为宣传环保人士喉舌，共同为生态文明建设做出贡献。美丽中国 我是行动者！

Zhang Xingjian: To spread positive energy in society, I wish Popular Ecology become the mouthpiece of green campaigners , and make contributions to the ecological civilization construction together. For a beautiful China, I am an activist!

主持人：让我们再次用热烈的掌声感谢张会长的精彩分享。我是《当红生态人物》主持人李小，今天的节目就到这里，我们下期再见。

Host: Let's thank President Zhang again with warm applause for his wonderful sharing. I am Li Xiao, the host of Popular Eco-People. That is all for today. See you next time.